Hichiko Happo

Yoko Ono (b. 1933, Tokyo) is a pioneering figure in Conceptual and performance art. Ono’s artwork challenges conventional notions and raises fundamental questions about human existence. Certain themes have significantly marked her artistic career, such as her belief in the power of imagination, her political engagement, her sense of humor and love of the absurd, and her sensibility to issues such as international conflicts and the role of women in society. The artist’s own life experiences have shaped these convictions, moving her to play a leading role in pacifist, feminist, and other social movements. The fundamental components of Ono’s works are concepts rather than materials. Many of her pieces are poetic, absurd, or utopian; others are specific and practicable, but they all reflect the artist’s sense of humor and her pronounced socio-critical attitude. Some of her ideas are expressed as objects, while others remain intangible.

During the 1960s, Ono was a prominent figure in the New York avant-garde art scene and grew close to a number of fellow artists, such as composer John Cage (1912-1992), George Maciunas (1931-1978), who was a founding member of the Fluxus movement, whose principles included the transformation of quotidian actions into art, and filmmaker Jonas Mekas (b. 1922). In 1961, Maciunas gave Ono her first solo show—one of the earliest exhibitions of conceptual paintings and drawings in New York—at his AG Gallery. She returned to Tokyo in 1962, where she staged her first solo concert and exhibition at the Sōgetsu Art Center, an important experimental space for many artistic disciplines, which was active between 1958 and 1971. Upon her return to New York in 1964, Ono continued to stage her concerts and performances at Carnegie Recital Hall (1965) and other venues, and partook in several Fluxus events with collaborating artists such as Nam June Paik (1932–2006) and Shigeko Kubota (1937–2015). In 1966 Ono moved to London and participated in several performances at the Destruction in Art Symposium (DIAS), a major international event organized by Gustav Metzger and others that brought together leading artists, critics, and scientists to discuss the theme of destruction in art.